Tonina (page 2)
Monument 52
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 52, front, 2004.15.6.15.53
Photo of Tonina, Monument 52, front, 2004.15.5.15.65
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission. The upper half lay on the surface in the extreme south of the ceremonial area, and nine other fragments were found buried at a shallow depth on top of Structure H5-3, the east building of Ball Court 1. All remain in the vicinity.
Condition
Broken into one large and nine smaller fragments, constituting about three-quarters of the original, but with only one quarter of the inscription preserved. The surface of the upper portion is fairly well preserved; that of the lower much less so.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
A panel constituting the lower element of a two-part composite sculpture. Most of the panel is flat, carved in low relief, with a portion in almost full relief at the top. The corresponding tenoned torso is Monument 66 (Becquelin and Baudez 1982, part 2, p. 827, and part 3, fig. IS7a).
Dimensions
| Ht | 1.27m+ |
| MW | 0.92m |
| MTh | 0.25m |
| MTh | 0.12m |
| Rel tablet | 1.8cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Mathews, based on a field drawing corrected by artificial light.
Monument 55
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 55, 2004.15.6.15.54
Photo of Tonina, Monument 55, 2004.15.5.15.66
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission, buried in the plaza about 150 m west of the group of sculptures assembled by Aurea Cruz, and probably not in its original setting. It remains in the area near the ball court.
Condition
Except for a loss extending nearly halfway round its upper edge, the altar is intact, but severe erosion is evident over all the periphery and part of the upper surface.
Material
Probably limestone.
Shape
Cylindrical
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.36m |
| Dia | 0.40m |
Carved Areas
The upper surface and periphery.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on a field drawing.
Monument 56
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 56, front, 2004.15.6.15.55
Photo of Tonina, Monument 56, front, 2004.15.5.15.68
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission 30 m outside the western edge of the plaza, and thus probably not in its original setting. Now in the Tonina Museum.
Condition
The human figure has lost its head and feet below the shins. The arms, especially its right arm, belt ornament, and apron are damaged, as are the edges of the cloak, on which the hieroglyphic text was carved. The latter has also suffered from erosion.
Material
Yellow sandstone.
Shape
A standing human figure carved in the round and shown holding a ceremonial bar in his arms. The shape of the cloak descending from the shoulders has been reduced almost to cylindrical form.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.96m |
| MW | 0.41m |
| MTh | 0.34m |
| Rel glyphs | 0.5cm |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round, with glyphs in low relief at the back.
Photographs
Front, Graham; back and side, Mathews.
Drawings
Mathews, based on field drawings corrected by artificial light.
Monument 63
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 63, 2004.15.6.15.58
Photo of Tonina, Monument 63, 2004.15.5.15.72
Location
Found in 1973 by the French Archaeological Mission. The two fragments were found about 25 m east of Structure G5-2, buried just below the surface and about 4 m apart. Now in the Tonina Museum.
Condition
The two fragments found (since reunited with epoxy) constitute about one-third of the disc. Three of the glyphs have been obliterated; the other four are fairly well preserved.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
Part of a circular disc with vertical edges.
Dimensions
| MW | 1.35m |
| Dia | 1.50m |
| MTh | 0.18m |
| Rel | 4.5cm |
Carved Areas
Upper surface only: carved with an annular inscription and possibly once carrying a giant Ahau on the missing central portion.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on a field drawing corrected by artificial light.
Monument 65
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 65, front, 2004.15.6.15.59
Photo of Tonina, Monument 65, front, 2004.15.5.15.73
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission. The fragments were found near the northeast comer of the western structure (H6-2) of Ball Court 1. Now in the Tonina Museum.
Condition
Broken into 16 fragments constituting about two-thirds of the panel, the right-hand edge being entirely lost save for the two fitting fragments that appear in the drawing. (One had been lost by the time the photograph was taken.) The carved surface, including the inscription, is fairly well preserved.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
A panel originally forming the lower element of a two-part composite sculpture, most of the panel being flat and carved in low reliet while at the top, in almost full relief, appear the thighs of the full-relief figure depicted in the upper element, identified as Monument 94 by Becquelin and Baudez (1982, part 2, p. 827). For general arrangement see Monument 39 on pages 6:86, 87.
Dimensions
| Ht | 1.29m |
| MW | 0.88m |
| MTh | 0.20m |
| Rel tablet | 2.0cm |
| Rel body | not recorded |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on a field drawing corrected by artificial light.
Monument 69
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 69, 2004.15.6.15.60
Photo of Tonina, Monument 69, 2004.15.5.15.74
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission in situ at the center of the playing alley of Ball Court 1 (Structures H6-2 and -3). Now in the Tuxtla Gutierrez Museum.
Condition
Intact and generally well preserved. Glyphs J-L retain pristine surface; elsewhere erosion has caused pitting and reveals many inclusions.
Material
Reddish sandstone.
Shape
A circular disc, with the lower periphery inclining inwards, reducing the diameter of the underside by about 4 cm.
Dimensions
| Dia | 0.69m |
| MTh | 0.10m |
| Rel | 1.0cm |
Carved Areas
Upper face only.
Photographs
von Euw.
Monument 70
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 70, 2004.15.6.15.61, front and right
Photo of Tonina, Monument 70, front (2004.15.5.15.76) and right (2004.15.5.15.77)
Location
When first photographed in 1959 by Graham, this monument lay by the roadside opposite the Cruz family ranch, near other sculptures that had probably been brought down from terraces above. Now in the Tonina Museum.
Condition
The head and lower legs were missing when found, and a fragment (now lost) representing the figure's right knee lay nearby. Since then the left shoulder was broken off, and since repaired. Surface erosion is slight.
Material
Yellow sandstone.
Shape
A human torso carved in the round.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.53m |
| MW | 0.25m |
| MTh | 0.16m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round. The folded cloth projecting above the breechclout behind is merely incised.
Photographs
Front and side, Mathews; back, Baudez.
Drawings
Graham, based on field drawings by Mathews.
Monument 71
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 71, 2004.15.6.15.63
Photo of Tonina, Monument 71, 2004.15.5.15.80
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission on the surface near the west side of Structure H6-1 (erroneously identified as H6-5 in this work, pp. 6:6,7). It is now in the Tonina Museum.
Condition
This lone fragment of a sculptured human figure representing part of a human torso has suffered considerable erosion of its carved surface.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
Carved in the round.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.29m |
| MW | 0.36m |
| MTh | 0.25m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round, with glyphs on the back in low relief.
Photographs
Mathews.
Drawings
Graham, based on field drawings by Mathews.
Monument 72
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 72, front, 2004.15.6.15.65
Photo of Tonina, Monument 72, front, 2004.15.5.15.83
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission on the eastern bench of Ball Court 1, Structure H6-3. It is now in the site museum.
Condition
It is the only fragment of either element of this composite ball-court sculpture to have been found (see Monument 39). The carved surface, fairly well preserved, carries part of an inscription.
Material
Coarse white sandstone.
Shape
Part of a flat panel, broken on all four sides.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.39m |
| MW | 0.39m |
| MTh | 0.12m |
| Rel | 2.5cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on a field drawing corrected by artificial light.
Monument 74
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 74, left side, 2004.15.6.15.65; Photo of Tonina, Monument 74, front, 2004.15.5.15.88
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission. The butt was in place in the temple of Structure 05-1; the carved portions were in rubble at the top of the mound and at the foot of the west side. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Broken into several fragments, six of which were found. These compose the upper two-thirds of the shaft and the connecting lower part. Part of the front carved surface is well preserved, and part eroded or split off. The inscribed left side is fairly well preserved.
Material
Yellow sandstone.
Shape
A flat slab with well-dressed face and sides. The sides are parallel for fourfifths of the height, then converge slightly towards the rounded corners of the top. The butt is trimmed square.
Dimensions
| HLC | 1.42m |
| PB | 0.36m |
| MW | 0.52m |
| WBC | 0.51m |
| MTh | 0.24m |
| Rel | 3.8cm |
Photographs
Graham.
Carved Areas
Front and left side.
Drawings
Graham, based on field drawings corrected by artificial light.
Monument 77
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 77, side 2004.15.6.15.69
Photo of Tonina, Monument 77, sides, 2004.15.5.15.92
Location
Found in 1973 by the French Archaeological Mission. Two fragments were among those assembled across the road from the Cruz family ranch; the third lay near the west platform of the southwest group on the fifth terrace. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Of the three surviving pieces, one had cracked in two horizontally at mid-thickness, a break now mended. The carved surfaces have suffered little from weathering.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
Stela base with central hole and sides tapering upwards. The flat upper and lower surfaces are well finished.
Dimensions
| MW | 0.30 x 0.48m |
| Dia hole | 0.21m |
| MTh | 0.19m |
| Rel | 0.6cm |
Carved Areas
The sides only.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on field drawings corrected by artificial light.
Monument 80
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 80, front (2004.15.6.15.70) and back (2004.15.6.15.71)
Photo of Tonina, Monument 80, front (2004.15.5.15.93) and back (2004.15.5.15.94)
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission, this piece lay on the ground deeply buried in rubble between the north side of Structure D5-3 and the stairway leading up to Structures D5~ 1 and -2. The statue had thus been mutilated before the space between stair and structure became filled with debris. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Headless and with legs broken off at the knee. The figure's left arm is missing, and the other is damaged. The front is somewhat damaged, while the back is well preserved.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
A human figure carved in the round.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.69m |
| MW | 0.40m |
| MTh | 0.26m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham: front and back based on stereophotographs; that of side on a photograph.
Monument 82
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 82, 2004.15.6.15.73
Photo of Tonina, Monument 82, 2004.15.5.15.96
Location
Found by the French Archaeological Mission in 1973 lying directly on a plaster floor near Structure F4-8. Now in the site museum.
Condition
A single fragment constituting about one quarter of the whole. Apart from one effaced glyph, the remainder is mostly in quite good condition.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
A disc with edges incurving towards the bottom.
Dimensions
| MW | 0.34m |
| Dia | 0.50m |
| MTh | 0.07 |
| Rel | 0.5cm |
Carved Areas
Upper surface only.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on a field drawing corrected by artificial light.
Monument 83
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 83, wall panel, 2004.15.6.15.74
Photo of Tonina, Monument 83, wall panel, 2004.15.5.15.98
Location
The four left-hand fragments were found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission on the fifth terrace, dose to Structures ES-7, -8, and -9, and are now in the site museum. The present whereabouts of the right-hand portion, stolen perhaps in the 19605 and until 1984 in the possession of a collector in Maine, U.S.A., are unknown. From a photocopy, now the only image available, David Stuart identified it as the missing portion of this monument.
Condition
Two fragments are still missing. The fragment forming the upper, !efthand corner was initially catalogued as Fragment 12 before being recognized as part of Monument 83 (Becquelin and Bauclez 1982, part 2, p. 871). The carved surface is quite well preserved.
Material
Yellow sandstone of medium grain.
Shape
A wall panel carved in relief.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.58m |
| MW | 1.18m |
| MTh | 0.16m |
| Rel | 2.5cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photographs
Left-hand portion, Mathews; right-hand portion, unknown photographer.
Drawing
Graham, based on field drawing and photocopy.
Monument 84
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 84, front, 2004.15.6.15.76
Photo of Tonina, Monument 84, front, 2004.15.5.15.99
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission on the surface of the fifth terrace, close to Structures E5-7, -8, and -9. Now in the site museum.
Condition
A single fragment including the lower border, which bears an inscription, and the original right-hand edge. The carved surface is well preserved.
Material
Yellow sandstone.
Shape
Part of a rectangular wall panel, the right-hand edge is well dressed, the lower edge is beveled back at an obtuse angle.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.30m |
| MW | 0.50m |
| MTh | 0.13m |
| Rel | 4.5cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Mathews.
Drawing
Graham, based on field drawings by Graham and Mathews.
Monument 87
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 87, front (2004.15.6.15.80) and right (2004.15.6.15.81)
Photo of Tonina, Monument 87, front (2004.15.5.15.104) and right (2004.15.5.15.105)
Location
Discovered by the French Archaeological Mission in 1973. The larger fragments lay on the surface between the Southwest Group and the foot of Structure E5-17 on the fifth terrace of the Acropolis. Smaller fragments were found in excavations made in the west and central platforms of the Southwest Group. Now preserved in the Tonina Museum, still in several pieces.
Condition
Twenty-four pieces were recovered and reassembled by the French Mission. The statue is headless and shows many losses elsewhere. Most of the surface is badly eroded.
Material
Yellow sandstone.
Shape
A standing human figure carved in the round.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.93m |
| MW | 0.42m |
| MTh | 0.30m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round.
Photographs
Mathews.
Drawings
Graham, based on Graham's field drawing of the lower portion and stereophotographs of the front.
Monument 89
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 89, top view, 2004.15.6.15.83
Photo of Tonina, Monument 89, top view, 2004.15.5.15.108
Location
Found in 1972 by the French Archaeological Mission during excavation of Structure F4-6, in a position that suggests it had been placed above Buriall. Now in the Museo Regional, Tuxtla Gutierrez.
Condition
Has suffered damage in several small areas but is otherwise intact and unaffected by erosion.
Material
Light brown sandstone.
Shape
Carved in the round to represent a male dog lying down or crouching, with head turned to its left.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.14m |
| Length | 0.36m |
| HSc glyphs | 0.18m |
| WSc | 0.05m |
| MTh | 0.14m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round, with an inscription in low relief on the dog's back.
Photographs
von Euw.
Drawings
Graham, based on von Euw's field drawing.
Monument 91
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 91, sides, 2004.15.6.15.85
Photo of Tonina, Monument 91, sides, 2004.15.5.15.110
Location
Found by the French Archaeological mission in 1972 among the sculptures brought together near the Cruz family ranch. Now in the site museum.
Condition
The fragments constitute about one-third of the original. The inscription has suffered negligible erosion.
Material
Yellowish-pink sandstone.
Shape
Stela base with sides inclined slightly inwards.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.13m |
| MW | 0.39 x 0.36m |
| Dia hole | 0.29m |
| Rel | 1.2cm |
Carved Areas
Sides only.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on field drawings corrected by artificial light.
Monument 95
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 95, four sides, 2004.15.6.15.86
Photo of Tonina, Monument 95, four sides, 2004.15.5.15.112
Location
Exact provenience unknown. Apparently obtained in the vicinity of Tonina by N. Gessler of Los Angeles, California, in whose collection it remains.
Condition
Broken in two, probably for ease of transport. The surface is in pristine Condition.
Material
Yellowish-brown sandstone.
Shape
A stela base with sides incurving upwards.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.17m |
| MW | 0.61 x 0.47m |
| Dia hole | 0.21m |
| Rel | 0.5cm |
Carved Areas
On all four sides.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham, based on field drawings corrected by artificial light.
Monument 98
Photo of Tonina, Monument 98, disc, 2004.15.5.15.114
Location
Four non-fitting fragments were found in 1973 by the French Archaeological Mission on or around the platform of Monument 102, at the foot of the stairway of Structure E5-2. The source of the narrow fragment uniting two others is unknown.
Condition
Broken into three fitting fragments, and two others. The carved surface seems to have been abraded evenly, probably while still intact.
Material
Fine-grained sandstone.
Shape
Parts of a circular disc with sides incurving towards the base.
Dimensions
| Dia | 0.50m |
| MTh | 0.07m |
| Rel | 0.2cm |
Carved Areas
Upper surface only.
Photograph
Mathews.
Monument 99
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 99, front, 2004.15.6.15.88
Photo of Tonina, Monument 99, front, 2004.15.5.15.116
Location
The lower portion was found in 1973 by the French Archaeological Mission on the surface of the fourth terrace between Structure E5-17 and -18; the upper portion was found by Juan Yadeun at an unknown location. They are now in the site museum.
Condition
The upper right-hand portion of the panel is missing, with unimportant losses at the other corners. The surface is moderately weathered, slightly more so on the right side than on the left.
Material
Yellow sandstone.
Shape
Originally a rectangular panel.
Dimensions
| Ht | 1.04m |
| MW | 0.67m |
| MTh | 0.14m |
| Rel | 6.0cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on a field drawing corrected by artificial light.
Monument 100
Drawing of Tonina, Monument 100, front (2004.15.6.15.89) and back (2004.15.6.15.90)
Photo of Tonina, Monument 100, front (2004.15.5.15.117) and back (2004.15.5.15.118)
Location
Found by the French Archaeological Mission at the eastern foot of the Acropolis, below the palace area, its origin likely to have been Structure E5-5 (Becquelin and Baudez 1982, part 2, p. 729). Now in the site museum.
Condition
In three pieces, headless and minus its left leg, with additional damage to knees and feet. Some parts show surface pitting, others are well preserved.
Material
Yellow sandstone.
Shape
A kneeling human figure carved in the round, with arms bound behind his back. Smoothly finished.
Dimensions
| Ht | 0.90m |
| MW | 0.47m |
| MTh | 0.46m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham, based on photographs.