Tonina (page 4)
Monument 151
Location
No data available about the original location. Now in the site museum.
Condition
The head was broken off but now is reattached; the general condition is good, except for damage to the nose and a hole apparently chiseled into the figure's right breast.
Material
Pale buff sandstone.
Shape
A kneeling captive with hair coifed and hands tied behind the back. A tenon projects from the back.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.62 m |
MW | 0.22 m |
MTh | 0.31 m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round with an inscription on the apron.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Henderson, based on a field drawing by Stuart.
Monument 152
Location
No data available about the original location. Now in the site museum.
Condition
The eyes, nose, and chin are damaged; otherwise it is well preserved.
Material
Pale buff sandstone.
Shape
Kneeling captive with hands tied behind back and hair coifed. A tenon projects from the back.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.68 m |
MW | 0.28 m |
MTh | 0.34 m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round with an inscription on the apron.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Front: Henderson, based on a field drawing by Stuart. Left side: Graham, based on a field drawing by Stuart.
Monument 153
Location
No data available about the original location. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Broken into three pieces (now reunited); broken upper-left corner is lost.
Material
Pale brownish-yellow sandstone.
Shape
Rectangular panel.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.72 m |
MW | 0.54 m |
MTh | 0.10 m |
Rei | 4.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Stuart and Henderson.
Monument 154
Location
No data available about the original location. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Panel is intact, except for upper-right corner; no noticeable erosion. Faint remains of red paint are visible.
Material
Coarse sandstone.
Shape
Rectangular panel.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.73 m |
MW | 0.56 m |
MTh | 0.10 m |
ReI | 3.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only, with the figure carved in fairly high relief on the flat panel.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Field drawings by Stuart and Graham; inked by Henderson.
Monument 155
Location
No data available about the original location, Now in the site museum.
Condition
Excellent. Traces of red paint are visible despite lime encrustation and patches of green discoloration.
Material
Brown sandstone of medium grain.
Shape
Irregular: a squatting figure with upturned head in silhouette.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.57 m |
MW | 0.46 m |
MTh | 0.11 m |
ReI | 1.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Carved in low relief on one side only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Henderson, from field drawings by Graham and Stuart.
Monument 156
Location
No data available about the original location. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Broken, with half of one side and three-quarters of another lost.
Material
Buff sandstone.
Shape
Rectangular pedestal with slightly inclined edges and a central hole.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.21 m |
MW | 0.93 X 0.72 m |
Dia. hole | 0.29 m |
ReI | 3.5 cm |
Carved Areas
All four sides.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Field drawings, by Graham; inked by Henderson.
Monument 157
Location
Said to have been found within 10 km of Tonina. Evidently the body of the sculpture was considered too badly eroded to be worth transporting, so the inscription was sawed off and taken to Los Angeles by the late Dr. Robey, a resident of Lexington, Massachusetts. Its present location is unknown.
Condition
Considerably eroded at one end.
Material
Reddish sandstone.
Shape
The sawed-off incised flange of a monument of unknown description.
Dimensions
Not recorded, but about 1.0 to 1.5 m wide.
Carved Areas
Unknown.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on his own and that of Mathews.
Monument 158
Location
No information available about the original location. Now exhibited in the site Museum.
Condition
Both figure and pedestal are generally in good condi tion.
Material
Both items are of similar coarse, brown sandstone.
Shape
Monument 158f (figure) is a squat, standing man with a jaguar headdress; the tenon at its base fits into the socket of Monument 158p (pedestal), which has vertical sides.
Dimensions
Figure:
Ht | 0.54 m |
MW | 0.21 m |
MTh | 0.10 m |
Pedestal:
MW | 0.39 X 0.31 In |
Dia hole | 0.16 In |
Carved Areas
The sculptured figure represents a man with a jaguar headdress, carved in the round with an inscription on his back. The pedesto I carries inscriptions on all four sides.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham.
Monument 159
Location
The location of the original is unknown. Now exhibited in the site museum.
Condition
Pristine, except for slight damage at the upper right-hand corner.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
Rectangular panel with rounded corners.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.57 m |
MW | 0.73 m |
MTh | 0.16 m |
ReI | 1.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Henderson, based on a field drawing by Graham.
Monument 160
Location
The location of the original is unknown. Now in the site museum.
Condition
In general, well preserved, retaining very fine detail, though in many small areas there have been losses. Other larger areas of loss were caused by fracture. Loose, but fitting fragments from the background to the right of the head have disappeared since the monument was first photographed.
Material
Limestone.
Shape
A circular disc.
Dimensions
Dia | 0.79 m |
MTh | 6.3 cm |
ReI | 0.9 cm |
Carved Areas
Upper surface only.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham, largely based on photographs.
Monument 161
Location
No information available about the original location. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Apart from small losses, in nearly pristine condition.
Material
Coarse sandstone.
Shape
Circular disc.
Dimensions
Dia | 0.77 m |
MTh | 0.12 m |
ReI | 2.0 cm |
Carved Areas
Upper surface only.
Photograph
Stuart.
Drawing
Henderson, after a field drawing by Graham.
Monument 162
Location
No information available about the original location. Now exhibited in the site museum.
Condition
Found with head broken off (since reattached), but otherwise well preserved.
Material
Grayish-brown sandstone.
Shape
Human figure with elaborate headgear and an inscription down the back. It stands on an integral rectangular base.
Dimensions
Figure:
Ht | 1.35 m |
Base:
Ht | 9.0 cm |
MW | MW 0.42 m |
MTh | 0.37m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round with an inscription on the back, from the shoulders down.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Henderson, with some small modifications by Graham.
Monument 163
Location
No data about the originallocation. Now exhibited in the site museum.
Condition
Head is missing; otherwise the monument is in pristine condition, except for the missing thumb on the figure's right hand
Material
Medium-grained pale buff sandstone.
Shape
Human figure standjng on a square base.
Dimensions
Figure:
Ht | 0.84m |
MW | 0.35m |
MTh | 0.29m |
Base:
MW | 0.39m |
MTh | 0.85m |
Carved Areas
Figure, sculptured in the round. Base, plain.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham.
Monument 164
Location
No information available about the original location. Now exhibited in the site museum.
Condition
Well preserved except for damage to the lower edge of Side 3 (with glyphs J-N).
Material
Medium-brown sandstone.
Shape
Pedestal with inclined sides.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.21 m |
MW | 0.87 x 0.65 m |
ReI | 0.4 cm |
Carved Areas
All four sides.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Field drawings by Graham and Henderson. Inked drawings by Graham.
Monument 165
Location
No information available about the original location. Now displayed in the site museum.
Condition
Cleanly broken in two. Generally well preserved, but one glyph was pecked out deliberately and others were partially obscured by stucco. The burning of offerings has damaged the central figure.
Material
Coarse-grained sandstone.
Shape
Circular disc with rounded lower edge.
Dimensions
Dia | 0.61 m |
MTh | 0.09 m |
ReI (figure) | 95.0 cm |
ReI (text columns) | 0.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Upper surface only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Henderson, based on pencil drawings by Simon Martin, Stuart, and Graham.
Note
The columns of glyphs at either side of the figure are designated Q, R, and S
Monument 166
Location
Found by Graham around 1980 on a visit to the one-room schoolhouse of Guaquitepec, a village or aldea marked on few maps but about 22 km northwest of Ocosingo. Nothing in this location suggested the existence of a pre-Conquest site.
Condition
Badly damaged and lacking the head. Resembles Monument 28 in havirg had the shoulders trimmed and leveled with mortar in later times to serve as a pedestal for a baptismal font, and having a channel gouged down the back to accommodate a drainpipe. The torso has been broken cleanly in half, perhaps deliberately to facilitate carriage. On each drawirg of the figure, the broken line just below the top irdicates the lower limit of applied mortar, and the dot-and-dash line the central fracture. The mismatch in height of the glyphs on either side of the break suggests post-Conquest trimming of the fracture for a closer fit. The two halves have been set slightly out of adjustment rotationally.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
A standing human figure sculptured in the round with an integral base.
Dimensions
Ht | 1.20 m |
MW | 0.57 m |
MTh | 0.41 m |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round, with an integral base. The figure's back and all four sides of the base were inscribed.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham, based on photos and field drawings of the front, back, and lower portions of the sides; but drawings were done without the use of raking light or stereophotos, and in some haste.
Monument 167
Location
No information available on the original location. Now exhibited in the site museum.
Condition
A pair of well-preserved fitting fragments.
Material
Red sandstone.
Shape
Fragments of a ball-court ring.
Dimensions
Chord | 0.55m |
Interior radius | 0.33 m |
Radial width | 0.13m |
MTh | 0.13m |
ReI | 1.6 em |
Carved Areas
Both sides and periphery.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham, from field sketches.
Monument 168
Location
Reported to have been found buried high up on the Acropolis, broken into three widely separated pieces. Now exhibited in the site museum.
Condition
Well preserved, with two clean, horizontal fractures.
Material
Pale brown sandstone of coarse texture.
Shape
A standing figure carved in high relief, springing from a flat and almost rectangular back. The latter supports a towering headdress and also carries on its sides the only inscriptions, which consist of seven glyphs in widely separated cartouches on either side. The back is flat.
Dimensions
Ht | from base 1.85 m |
MW | 0.58 m |
MTh | figure 0.33 m |
ReI | from back panel 20.0 cm |
Carved Areas
Front and sides in considerable relief.
Photographs
Graham (right- and left-side photographs are composites).
Drawings
Graham.
Monument 169
Location
No information available on the original location. Now displayed in the site museum.
Condition
The figure is headless, has a damaged hand, and lacks lower legs and a corresponding portion of the inscription on its back. Held between its hands is a belt ornament in the form of a trophy head.
Material
Very fine-grained, pale brown sandstone.
Shape
Lifelike figure with a shawl falling from the shoulders.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.78 m |
MW | 0.38 m |
MTh | 0.34 m |
Carved Areas
Figure carved in full relief, with inscription on its back.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham, whose failure to record the inscription at first hand was kindly rectified by Simon Martin.
Monument 170
Location
No information available about the original location. Now displayed in the site museum.
Condition
Well preserved.
Material
Gray-brown sandstone.
Shape
Pedestal with sloping sides.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.16 m |
MW | 0.545 X 0.54 m |
ReI | 1.0 cm |
Carved Areas
All four sides.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham, based on field drawings by Henderson.
Monument 171
Location
Said to have been found reused as a lintel (upside down) in one of the two entrances to a tiny chamber at the eastern end of the fourth level of the central complex at Tonina. Now in the Museo Nacional de Antropologia, Mexico City.
Condition
The sculptured surface remains in pristine condition. Under the load imposed on it, the panel, only 14 cm thick, had cracked into about ten fragments, all of which were found except for a single small one.
Material
Pale gray sandstone of fine grain.
Shape
Rectangular, with careful! y trimmed edges.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.49 m |
MW | 1.35 m |
MTh | 0.14 m |
ReI | 2.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Graham.
Monument 172
Location
No data is available about the original location. Now displayed in the site museum.
Condition
As found, broken into eleven pieces, with one considerable fragment missing from the center. Some glyphs have also been eroded or damaged.
Material
Pale gray sandstone.
Shape
Rectangular panel with rounded upper corners.
Dimensions
HLC | l1.02 m |
PB | 0.03 m |
MW | 0.81 m |
MTh | 0.105 m |
ReI | 0.6 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Henderson, based on a field drawing by Graham.
Monument 173
Location
No data about the original locatian. Now in the site museum.
Condition
Incomplete: the lower portion is missing.
Material
Rather coarse sandstone.
Shape
Almost rectangular, with a slight taper toward the top, and rounded corners. The back is flat and appears to be weathered.
Dimensions
Ht | 1.06 m |
MW | 0.61 m |
MTh | 0.14 m |
ReI | 1.0 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Stuart.
Monument 174
Location
No information available about the original location. Now in the site museum.
Condition
A large fragment is missing from one corner, leaving less than half of the adjacent sides. Weathering is negligible.
Material
Buff sandstone.
Shape
Pedestal with inclined sides.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.15 m |
MW | 0.68 X 0.61 m |
Rei | 0.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Inscribed on all four sides.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham.
Monument 175
Location
No information available about the original location. Now displayed in the site museum.
Condition
Although damaged in some places, much of this incomplete piece is in pristine condition.
Material
Pale sandstone.
Shape
Eccentric.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.34 m |
MW | 0.81 m |
MTh | 0.17 m |
Rei | 0.5 cm |
Carved Areas
The front and the three exterior sides.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Field drawings by Graham; inked versions by Henderson.
Monument 176
Location
No information available about the original location. Now exhibited in the site museum.
Condition
A human figure lacking a head, feet, and a part of its left leg, but otherwise well preserved.
Material
Buff sandstone with grayish patina.
Shape
Human figure in the round, backed by a panel carrying an inscription.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.63 m |
MW | 0.30 m |
MTh | 0.26 m |
ReI | 0.3 cm |
Carved Areas
Sculptured in the round.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Field and inked drawings of the front, back, and side by Henderson and Graham; that of the inscription owes something to Simon Martin's version of it.
Misc 1
Location
Found somewhere on the Cruz family ranch, and examined while in their possession in 1979. Present location unknown.
Condition
About two-thirds of its periphery is intact. The surface is in nearly pristine condition.
Material
Fine-grained stone (calcite).
Shape
Cylindrical, hollowed out to a depth of about 3.5 cm.
Carved Areas
Incised design on the periphery.
Photographs
Graham. The roll-out is a composite.
Drawing
Graham, based on a field drawing and a rubbing of pencil on paper.
Dimensions
Dia 4.0 cm
Ht 4.5 cm
Misc 2
Drawing of Tonina, Miscellaneous 2, box, frag. C, 2004.15.6.16.35
Location
One fragment was found in the central niche of the mask at the foot of the stairway of Structure E5-5 (Becquelin and Baudez 1982, pp. 977-979), the others in nearby rubble.
Condition
Broken into two pairs of fitting fragments and one single fragment, constituting perhaps a quarter or a third of the original. The carved surface remains in good condition.
Material
Sandstone,
Shape
The fragments are portions of a stone box, probably rectangular, and with integral supports at the corners.
Carved Areas
On all four sides, and possibly on its missing lid.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Graham.
Note
Reference to individual glyphs on these fragments, here labeled A, B, and C, may be given in this form: TNA:Msc.2B, pA2.
Dimensions
Ht 0.21 m, MW 0.36 m plus
Misc 3
Location
Location uncertain, Found among mixed Late Classic and Early Postclassic debris (Becquelin and Taladoire, p. 1815).
Condition
A small fragment. The surviving finished surface is polished and well preserved.
Material
Bone, perhaps from a human tibia.
Shape
Portion of tapered cylinder.
Carved Area
Exterior surface of bone.
Photograph
Mathews (a composite).
Drawing
Redrawn from Mathews' drawing (Becquelin and Taladoire 1990, fig. 174c).
Dimensions
Ht | 5.5 cm |
MW | 3.7 cm |
MTh | 0.5 cm |
Misc 4
Location
Found among a mixed lot excavated by the French Mission in Structure F4-8, 9 (Becquelin and Baudez 1982, vol. 6, part 2, pp. 979,980).
Condition
Only this one fragment was found of an apparently cylindrical receptacle; its incised surface is well preserved.
Material
Calcite.
Shape
An irregular parallelogram with fractured edges.
Carved Areas
External surface only.
Photograph
None available,
Drawing
Redrawn from Becquclin and Baudez 1982, vol. 6. part 3, fig. 221b.
Dimensions
Ht | 3.5 cm |
MW | 4.9 cm |
MTh | 0.5 cm |
Misc 5
Location
Found in a mixed lot excavated in Structure F4-6 (Becquelin and Gaudez 1982, vol 6, part 2, p. 1017).
Condition
The bone has been split in two longitudinally, and its upper portion later broken off. The engraved glyphs that survive on it are clear. For secondary use, perhaps as a trinket, the bone was further trimmed and grooved from the base upward (very likely a similar groove for suspension was made in the now missing upper portion).
Material
Portion of a long bone, perhaps human.
Shape
Irregular: trimmed at the sides for reuse and given a notch or cleft extending upward.
Carved Areas
Front surface only.
Photograph
Provided by the French Archaeological Mission.
Drawing
Redrawn from Becquelin and Baudez 1982, vol. 6, part 3, fig. 231b.
Dimensions
Ht 4.2 cm, MW 2.6 cm
Misc 6
Location
The original location is unknown. Now exhibited in a vitrine at the site museum.
Condition
Pristine.
Material
Gray schist (apparently).
Shape
A slender celt.
Dimensions
Length 0.20 m approx.
Carved Areas
Engraved on one flat side; the obverse side was not available for examination.
Photograph
Photographed by Graham while exhibited in the vitrine.
Drawing
Henderson, from the photograph.
Fragment 1
Location
Upper fragment found by the MAF in 1972, lying on the fifth terrace near Structure E5-10. The lower fragments (MAF figs. 39 and 94) were found in rubble near the southeast corner of Structure E-l1. All, presumably, are now in storage on site.
Condition
Three fragments representing about 60 percent of the original are mostly well preserved.
Material
Rather coarse sandstone.
Shape
Fragments of a rectangular panel, originally a little taller than it was wide.
Dimensions
Upper:
Ht | 0.16m |
MW | 0.30m |
MTh | 0.09m |
ReI | 2.9 cm |
Lower:
Ht | 0.25 m |
MW | 0.56 m |
ReI | 2.6 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only. The figure is in low relief, the glyphs incised.
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Graham, based on field drawings corrected by artificial light.
Fragment 32
Previous Designation
Stela 15 (Morley 1944b).
Location
Found under rubble at the foot of the south side of Structure 05-1, between Monuments 78 and 79. Now in the Tuxtla Gutierrez Museum.
Condition
Well preserved.
Material
Fine-grained white limestone.
Shape
A fragment that formed the upperleft corner of a panel. The sides adjoinjng the corner are intact; the others irregular.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.23m |
MW | 0.24m |
MTh | 4.5 cm |
Carved Areas
Front only.
Photograph
Mission Archeologique et Ethnologique Francaise au Mexique.
Drawing
Mathews.
Fragment 35
Location
The two fitting fragments were found by the MAF close together in the rubble on the Southwest Group at the fifth level. Becquelin and Baudez consider it likely to have been the base of Monument 87 (Becquelin and Baudez 1982: part 2, p.700).
Condition
The front portion of the pedestal must have broken cleanly in half when the standing figure and supporting column broke away. The inscription in front lost most of two glyphs by breakage, leaving the remainder partly legible.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
Part of a pedestal with a pair of integral feet surviving.
Dimensions
Ht | sculpture 0.14m |
pedestal 6.0cm | |
MW | 0.43 m |
ReI | 0.2 cm |
Carved Areas
In the round, with inscription in low relief.
Photographs
Mathews.
Drawing
Mathews.
Fragment 43
Location
The lower half of the existing panel was found on the surface of the fifth terrace, near Structure E5-9; the upper half was abandoned not far away by looters.
Condition
The upper and left-hand portions are missing, the latter carrying the head and knees, and below them presumably two glyphs. Weathering is moderate.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
A flat panel with beveled righthand edge.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.58 m |
MW | 0.51 m |
MTh | 0.11 m |
Rei | 3.7 em |
Carved Areas
Front only
Photograph
Graham.
Drawing
Graham.
Fragment 88
Location
Found by a site guard on the second terrace of the Acropolis, at the foot of the third.
Condition
Considerably eroded, front and back.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
A human torso, part of a statue.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.33m |
MW | 0.27 m approx. |
MTh | 0.25m |
ReI | 0.8 cm |
Carved Areas
Carved in the round.
Photographs
Mathews.
Drawing
Graham, based on field drawings by Mathews.
Fragment 91
Location
Found among fragments gathered on the adjacent Cruz family ranch.
Condition
The inscription on one side is well preserved, but the adjoining side carries only a portion of two eroded glyphs.
Material
Sandstone.
Shape
One corner of a broken pedestal, with a flat top and bottom.
Dimensions
Ht | 0.21m |
MW | 0.22 X 0.12 m |
Carved Areas
Two adjacent sides in low relief, with upper and lower surfaces dressed flat.
Photographs
Graham.
Drawings
Mathews, based on field drawings